Algebraic structures and state theory represent a confluence of abstract algebra and logic, where the former provides a rigorous framework for describing systems such as BL-algebras, residuated ...

Algebraic structures form the backbone of modern abstract algebra, encapsulating a wide range of systems such as groups, rings, fields, and modules, each characterised by distinct axiomatic properties ...

AbstractIn this paper, we generalize some concepts of convex analysis such as convex functions and linear functions on hyper-structures. Based on new definitions we obtain some important results in ...

To begin to understand what mathematicians and physicists see in the abstract structures of symmetries, let’s start with a familiar shape. We are fond of saying things are symmetric, but what does ...