The graph colouring problem, a classic NP-hard challenge, is central to many practical applications such as scheduling, resource allocation and network management. Recent advances have seen the ...

Graph algorithms and sparsification techniques have emerged as pivotal tools in the analysis and optimisation of complex networked systems. These approaches focus on reducing the number of edges in a ...

In the era of Big Data, the relationship between data are complex and large in scale. The relationship between various data objects is described as Vertex and Edge, where the Vertex represents the ...