Autoimmune disease is controlled by host genes and the environment. Both can increase susceptibility to autoimmunity by affecting the overall reactivity and quality of the cells of the immune system.

“Structural heart disease” is an umbrella term that refers to conditions that affect different structures within the heart. Some of these problems can be present at birth, while others develop later ...

In March 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) characterized the COVID outbreak as a pandemic, and some public health experts have since predicted that the disease will become endemic over time.

The word “epidemic” immediately brings to mind a highly infectious and deadly disease of the kind found in Hollywood films. In Contagion, for instance, a lethal infection with frightening symptoms ...

Viruses and bacteria are not responsible for all infections diseases. Many infectious diseases are caused by viruses and bacteria. But there are also other types of pathogens that cause illness.

Diagnostic biomarkers are used to detect or confirm the presence of a disease or condition. They can help identify individuals with a particular disease or at high risk of developing the disease.

Human and animal health are closely linked, with many diseases shared between them. As our world becomes more developed and interconnected, the proximity between wild animals and humans is shrinking, ...

Comorbidities are distinct health conditions that are present at the same time. They may exist together for many reasons, including shared causes and risk factors. Comorbidities can increase your risk ...

Pathology is a branch of medical science primarily concerning the cause, origin, and nature of disease. It involves the examination of tissues, organs, bodily fluids, and autopsies in order to study ...

Human exposure to toxic particles drives various diseases. Examples include gout, an acute arthritis driven by monosodium urate crystals, or MSUc; CPPD disease, another inflammatory joint disease ...

Climate change is creating many pathways for zoonotic diseases to reach people. Four cases show how the climate crisis is altering disease threats and how the world can respond. The world is already ...