Figure 1: The wave front (top) and the intensity pattern (bottom) of the simplest Laguerre–gaussian (LG l p) or ‘doughnut’ mode. It is only by using a coincidence measurement that we could show that ...

There are analogous notions once we include relativity or quantum mechanics, but for our present purposes the version that Galileo and Newton would have recognized is good enough: in any interaction ...

A sphere moving on a smooth horizontal surface (the xy-plane) impacts a set of 13 cubes at rest on the same surface. This impacts leads to a number of subsequent impacts among these cubes. The ...

We solve problems pertaining to the Conservation of Momentum using various scenarios. In this Closer Look segment on conservation of momentum, we solve problems pertaining to the conservation of ...